{"id":17219,"date":"2016-07-02T06:58:13","date_gmt":"2016-07-02T03:58:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/?post_type=glossary&#038;p=17219"},"modified":"2023-08-04T11:36:32","modified_gmt":"2023-08-04T08:36:32","slug":"diarrhea","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/medical-dictionary\/diarrhea\/","title":{"rendered":"Diarrhea"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Diarrhea<\/h1>\n<p>Diarrhea is defined in two ways: passing more than three bowel movements (stools) per day or having a watery stool (&gt;300 grams). Typically, water accounts for 60-75% of stool. The water content of diarrhea exceeds this proportion.<\/p>\n<p>Everyone can experience diarrhea occasionally, but if it lasts longer than two weeks, it may indicate an underlying condition. Similarly, recurrent episodes of diarrhea are also significant.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hrule clearfix\" style=\" height:1px\"><\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17209\" class=\"thumbnail wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"width: 1024px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/bristol-stool-chart.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17209\" src=\"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/bristol-stool-chart.jpeg\" alt=\"Bristol stool chart (scale)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/bristol-stool-chart.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/bristol-stool-chart-720x540.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/bristol-stool-chart-768x576.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption wp-caption-text\">Bristol stool chart (scale)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Image retrieved from Wikipedia under the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/en:Creative_Commons\">Creative Commons<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/deed.en\">Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported licence (CC BY-SA 3.0)<\/a>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:BristolStoolChart_(cropped).png\">Image&rsquo;s Page<\/a>). The copyright holder of this work is Cabot Health (<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160304190114\/http:\/\/cdn.intechopen.com\/pdfs-wm\/46082.pdf\">Source<\/a>). Some of the image&rsquo;s descriptions and labels have been reorganized by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/\">turkcerrahi.com\/en<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"hrule clearfix\" style=\" height:1px\"><\/div>\n<h2>There are four pathophysiological mechanisms of diarrhea:<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Osmotic retention<\/strong> (inability to absorb water-soluble substances that draw water into the intestine)\n<ul>\n<li>Lactose intolerance (inability to digest sugars)<\/li>\n<li>Excessive antacid use (unabsorbed electrolytes in antacids)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Secretory diarrhea<\/strong> (secretion of fluid and electrolytes into the lumen)\n<ul>\n<li>Steatorrhea (stimulation of the small and large intestines by fatty acids)<\/li>\n<li>Ileal resection (dihydroxy bile acids)<\/li>\n<li>Pancreatic islet cell tumors (vasoactive intestinal peptide)<\/li>\n<li>Carcinoid tumors (serotonin and substance P)<\/li>\n<li>Medullary thyroid cancer (calcitonin)<\/li>\n<li>Toxic bacteria (E. coli, V. cholerae, and others)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Exudation<\/strong> (secretion of protein, blood, or mucus into the lumen from an inflamed bowel)\n<ul>\n<li>Inflammatory bowel diseases<\/li>\n<li>Parasitic and bacterial infestations (amoeba, salmonella)<\/li>\n<li>Infiltrative diseases (lymphoma, Whipple&rsquo;s disease)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mucosal-lumen disruption from bowel content<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Rapid transit, slow transit, bacterial overgrowth, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can all cause diarrhea, including neural and psychological diarrhea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diarrhea Diarrhea is defined in two ways: passing more than three bowel movements (stools) per day or having a watery stool (&gt;300 grams). Typically, water accounts for 60-75% of stool. The water content of diarrhea exceeds this proportion. Everyone can &hellip; <a class=\"kt-excerpt-readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/medical-dictionary\/diarrhea\/\" aria-label=\"Diarrhea\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":34,"template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"glossary-categories":[],"glossary-tags":[],"class_list":["post-17219","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/17219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/17219\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17221,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/17219\/revisions\/17221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"glossary-categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-categories?post=17219"},{"taxonomy":"glossary-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-tags?post=17219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}