{"id":17016,"date":"2016-06-29T13:23:50","date_gmt":"2016-06-29T10:23:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/?post_type=glossary&p=17016"},"modified":"2023-06-28T18:37:39","modified_gmt":"2023-06-28T15:37:39","slug":"benign-prostatic-hyperplasia","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/medical-dictionary\/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia\/","title":{"rendered":"Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia<\/h1>\n

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also known as benign prostatic hypertrophy, is an enlargement of the prostate gland. Typically, middle-aged and older men (>50 years) are affected. The enlarged prostate compresses the urethra, resulting in difficulty initiating and maintaining urination, a decrease in urine flow rate, incomplete bladder emptying, and an increase in urination frequency. Microscopically, the number of prostatic cells has increased (hyperplasia).<\/p>\n

\"Benign
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Image retrieved from Wikipedia on 28 June 2023. This image is a work of the National Institutes of Health<\/strong>, part of the United States Department of Health and Human Services<\/strong>, taken or made as part of an employee’s official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the image is in the public domain<\/a><\/strong>.  Image’s Page<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

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Symptoms<\/h2>\n

BPH is typically progressive and leads to urethral obstruction, which can cause a decrease in urine flow rate, increased frequency of urination, nocturia (nighttime urination), dysuria (painful urination), and urinary tract infections.<\/p>\n

Examination<\/h2>\n

The examination is performed digitally through the rectum (digital rectal examination). The prostate gland is felt on the anterior<\/a> wall of the rectum; it has a rubbery consistency. However, the degree of enlargement may not be proportional to the degree of urinary obstruction. Some men have enlarged prostates, but they do not have urethral compression.<\/p>\n

Diagnosis<\/h2>\n

The diagnosis of BPH can only be made after a biopsy<\/a> or resection; otherwise, the initial diagnosis is benign prostate enlargement.<\/p>\n

Uroflowmetry is most effective when performed on a patient with a full bladder. Urine is collected in a container while the patient urinates, and the urine flow rate is measured. Men between the ages of 46 and 65 should have a flow rate of at least 21 mL\/s and a flow rate of over 200 mL. In BPH, the urine flow rate decreases.<\/p>\n

PSA (prostate-specific antigen): PSA levels should be less than 4 ng\/mL. Mild elevations in PSA may be seen in BPH. PSA is a tumor marker for prostate cancer.<\/p>\n

Treatment<\/h2>\n

Treatment options include medication, localized heat therapy, balloon dilation, laser vaporization, and microwave hyperthermia. Sometimes, surgical resection of the enlarged prostate is required.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also known as benign prostatic hypertrophy, is an enlargement of the prostate gland. Typically, middle-aged and older men (>50 years) are affected. The enlarged prostate compresses the urethra, resulting in difficulty initiating and … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":34,"template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"glossary-categories":[],"glossary-tags":[],"class_list":["post-17016","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/17016","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/17016\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17070,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/17016\/revisions\/17070"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17016"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"glossary-categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-categories?post=17016"},{"taxonomy":"glossary-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkcerrahi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-tags?post=17016"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}